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• Defense mechanisms and inflammatory bowel diseases: a narrative review

  Orlando Silvestro, Carmelo M. Vicario, Ludovico Costa, Giorgio Sparacino, Trine Lund-Jacobsen, Chiara A. M. Spatola, Emanuele M. Merlo, Anna Viola, Concetto M. Giorgianni, Antonino Catalano, Walter Fries, Gianluca Lo Coco, Gabriella Martino

  2025-03-30

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.854

  3571

  PDF: 1693

  HTML: 25

• The relationship between defense mechanisms and attachment: a narrative review

  Rose Howell, Vera Békés

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.879

  4039

  PDF: 896

  HTML: 139

• Therapists’ defense use impacts their patients’ defensive functioning: a systematic case study

  Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn, Vera Békés, Bernard S. Gorman, Karl Stukenberg, Sherwood Waldron

  2024-08-23

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.797

  3774

  PDF: 873

  HTML: 71

• Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis

  Frederik J. Wienicke, William J. Burk, Erkki Heinonen, Olavi Lindfors, Tommi Härkänen, Paul Knekt, Sampo Sarvasmaa, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Karen Jansen, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva, Érico Nobre dos Santos, Jack J. M. Dekker, Jaap Peen, Henricus L. Van, John Christopher Perry, William M. van der Veld, Ednei Soares, Jan Spijker, Ellen Driessen

  2026-02-16

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2026.887

  2219

  PDF: 841

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 153

  SUPPLEMENTARY R MARKDOWN: 79

  HTML: 233

• Clinical applications of the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale-Self-Report-30: a systematic review of the first five years

  Gabriella Martino, Orlando Silvestro, Emanuele M. Merlo, Carmelo M. Vicario, Alessandro Meduri, Gianluca Lo Coco

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.881

  2569

  PDF: 764

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 234

  HTML: 108

• Applying the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort to assess patients’ level of overall defensive functioning in interview data: validity and reliability

  Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, John Porcerelli, Alissa Huth-Bocks, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.884

  1216

  PDF: 539

  HTML: 88
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  Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children

  Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Tracy A. Prout, Lauren Ammar, Thomas Kui, Ciro Conversano

  2021-12-21

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.590

  4621

  PDF: 1711

  HTML: 898
• 

  Defense mechanisms are associated with mental health symptoms across six countries

  Vera Békés, Claire J. Starrs, J. Christopher Perry, Tracy A. Prout, Ciro Conversano, Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe

  2023-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.729

  4302

  PDF: 1481

  Supplementary Material: 270

  HTML: 638

• Revisiting defense mechanisms in contemporary clinical practice: evidence and perspectives

  Vittorio Lingiardi, Fabio Madeddu

  2025-12-22

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.877

  2513

  PDF: 1328

  HTML: 201
• 

  Psychological impairment in inflammatory bowel diseases: the key role of coping and defense mechanisms

  Gabriella Martino, Anna Viola, Carmelo Mario Vicario, Federica Bellone, Orlando Silvestro, Giovanni Squadrito, Peter Schwarz, Gianluca Lo Coco, Walter Fries, Antonino Catalano

  2023-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.731

  2199

  PDF: 1037

  HTML: 39
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  Problematic internet use in emerging adulthood to escape from maternal helicopter parenting: defensive functioning as a mediating mechanism

  Nicola Carone, Ilaria Maria Antonietta Benzi, Laura Muzi, Laura Antonia Lucia Parolin, Andrea Fontana

  2023-11-08

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.693

  3292

  PDF: 1865

  HTML: 112

• The relationship between overall defensive functioning and the Personality Assessment Inventory borderline and treatment outcome scales

  Laura A. Richardson, John H. Porcerelli, Michelle Stein, Brynn DeLorenzo, Christina Massey, Emma Lindquist, Sarah McNamee, Mark Blais

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.883

  1174

  PDF: 623

  HTML: 104

• Change and sustained recovery in defense mechanisms and depression in a pilot study of antidepressant medications plus up to 18 months of psychotherapy for recurrent major depression

  John Christopher Perry, Claire J. Starrs, Trent Semeniuk, Elisabeth Banon, Ruta Westreich

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.885

  901

  PDF: 449

  HTML: 36

• Psychological adaptation and health-related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease: a 5-year follow-up study

  Gabriella Martino, Emanuele M. Merlo, Carmelo M. Vicario, Federica Bellone, Clara De Francesco, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Antonino Catalano, Walter Fries, Orlando Silvestro

  2026-08-27

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2026.900

  265

  PDF: 184

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 61

  HTML: 14

• Professional burnout in therapists working with LGBTQ+ patients: associations with defenses and reflective functioning

  Gianluca Cruciani, Jacopo Tracchegiani, Maria Quintigliano, Selene Mezzalira, Cristiano Scandurra, Nicola Carone

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.880

  1357

  PDF: 731

  HTML: 102

• Preliminary findings from a brief psychodynamic counseling program for university staff: users’ psychological characteristics and implications for the program’s utility

  Alessia Renzi, Eleonora Piacentini, Vittorio Lingiardi

  2026-07-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2026.897

  289

  PDF: 174

  HTML: 16
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  Psychodiagnostic Chart-Child (PDC-C): a valid and clinically sensitive diagnostic tool for patient-tailored intervention planning

  Alexandro Fortunato, Annalisa Tanzilli, Vittorio Lingiardi, Anna Maria Speranza

  2022-03-01

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.591

  5171

  PDF: 1462

  HTML: 58
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  Advancement in the child attachment interview and the child and adolescent reflective functioning scale using a PDM-2 framework: case reports

  Fabiola Bizzi, Francesca Locati, Laura Parolin, Shmueli Goetz Yael, Emanuela Brusadelli

  2022-03-04

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.586

  5608

  PDF: 1450

  HTML: 41
• 

  How anxious did you feel during lockdown? The roles resilience, living environment, and gender play on the level of anxiety state during pandemic isolation

  Violeta Stefania Rotărescu, Diana Bianca Matei, Ioana Alexandra Mircea, Andreea Maria Mirescu, Bogdan George Nedelescu, Daniela Georgiana Nedelea, Alexandra Nicoleta Raluca Neagu, Alexandru George Necșulescu, Gabriel Angelo Oteșanu, Lucian Constantin Tudor

  2021-01-14

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2020.496

  5792

  PDF: 1533

  HTML: 41

• Patient personality and therapist responses in the psychotherapy of adolescents with depressive disorders: toward the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual - third edition

  Annalisa Tanzilli, Flavia Fiorentino, Marianna Liotti, Gabriele Lo Buglio, Ivan Gualco, Vittorio Lingiardi, Carla Sharp, Riccardo Williams

  2024-03-27

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.752

  2418

  PDF: 1025

  HTML: 75

• Motivations to become psychotherapists: beyond the concept of the wounded healer

  Gianluca Cruciani, Marianna Liotti, Vittorio Lingiardi

  2024-08-26

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.808

  9576

  PDF: 3605

  HTML: 1018
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  Epistemic trust: a comprehensive review of empirical insights and implications for developmental psychopathology

  Elizabeth Li, Chloe Campbell, Nick Midgley, Patrick Luyten

  2023-12-20

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.704

  11775

  PDF: 3414

  Supplementary Material: 402

  HTML: 313
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  Attachment orientations and emotion regulation: new insights from the study of interpersonal emotion regulation strategies

  Irene Messina, Vincenzo Calvo, Alessandro Grecucci

  2023-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.703

  7878

  PDF: 3059

  HTML: 312

• Repairing alliance ruptures in psychotherapy with adults: a scoping review

  Alberto López-Vásquez, Nicolás González-Araneda, Stephanie Vaccarezza, Catherine F. Eubanks, Paula Errázuriz

  2026-04-30

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2026.892

  3013

  PDF: 902

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 173

  HTML: 398

• Personality characteristics, music-listening, and well-being: a systematic and scoping review

  Chiara Rossi, Osmano Oasi, Barbara Colombo

  2024-03-25

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.742

  4265

  PDF: 1540

  HTML: 361
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  Mental footnotes: knowledge constructivism from logical thinking to personal beliefs and therapy

  Jose L. Vilchez

  2016-11-07

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.234

  2409

  PDF: 1268

  HTML: 385

• It takes two to tango: a qualitative meta-synthesis on processes of psychotherapy dropout from the Single Case Archive

  Liza Notaerts, Melissa De Smet, Martin Finn, Kimberly Van Nieuwenhove, Vicky Hennissen, Reitske Meganck

  2025-12-03

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.876

  1555

  PDF: 918

  HTML: 101
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  Assessing therapist and clinician competency in parent-infant psychotherapy: The REARING coding system (RCS) for the group attachment based intervention (GABI)

  Kelsey Armusewicz, Miriam Steele, Howard Steele, Anne Murphy

  2022-03-01

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.562

  3706

  PDF: 1147

  HTML: 58
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  Dreaming in quarantine: linguistic analysis of referential process of dreams during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown

  Rachele Mariani, Silvia Monaco, Christopher Christian , Michela Di Trani

  2021-08-24

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.537

  4295

  PDF: 998

  HTML: 127

• "Maybe you don’t know what answers I want": unresolved alliance ruptures preceding dropout in short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy with depressed adolescents

  Manuela Jose Difronzo, Lisa Thackeray, Sally O'Keeffe, Ana Calderon, Nick Midgley

  2025-03-30

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.841

  1405

  PDF: 811

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 214

  HTML: 39