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Clinical applications of the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale-Self-Report-30: a systematic review of the first five years

Gabriella Martino, Orlando Silvestro, Emanuele M. Merlo, Carmelo M. Vicario, Alessandro Meduri, Gianluca Lo Coco

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.881

1627

PDF: 493

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 146

HTML: 82
Therapists’ defense use impacts their patients’ defensive functioning: a systematic case study

Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn, Vera Békés, Bernard S. Gorman, Karl Stukenberg, Sherwood Waldron

2024-08-23

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.797

3009

PDF: 684

HTML: 60
Change and sustained recovery in defense mechanisms and depression in a pilot study of antidepressant medications plus up to 18 months of psychotherapy for recurrent major depression

John Christopher Perry, Claire J. Starrs, Trent Semeniuk, Elisabeth Banon, Ruta Westreich

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.885

668

PDF: 296

HTML: 19
Beyond the mask of deference: exploring the relationship between ruptures and transference in a single-case study

Francesca Locati, Pietro De Carli, Emanuele Tarasconi, Margherita Lang, Laura Parolin

2016-10-19

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.212

2682

PDF: 1322

HTML: 2107
The relationship between defense mechanisms and attachment: a narrative review

Rose Howell, Vera Békés

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.879

2819

PDF: 526

HTML: 65
Professional burnout in therapists working with LGBTQ+ patients: associations with defenses and reflective functioning

Gianluca Cruciani, Jacopo Tracchegiani, Maria Quintigliano, Selene Mezzalira, Cristiano Scandurra, Nicola Carone

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.880

816

PDF: 543

HTML: 82
Defense mechanisms are associated with mental health symptoms across six countries

Vera Békés, Claire J. Starrs, J. Christopher Perry, Tracy A. Prout, Ciro Conversano, Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe

2023-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.729

3559

PDF: 1245

Supplementary Material: 188

HTML: 582
Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children

Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Tracy A. Prout, Lauren Ammar, Thomas Kui, Ciro Conversano

2021-12-21

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.590

4130

PDF: 1553

HTML: 829
Applying the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort to assess patients’ level of overall defensive functioning in interview data: validity and reliability

Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, John Porcerelli, Alissa Huth-Bocks, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.884

799

PDF: 365

HTML: 77
Revisiting defense mechanisms in contemporary clinical practice: evidence and perspectives

Vittorio Lingiardi, Fabio Madeddu

2025-12-22

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.877

1456

PDF: 889

HTML: 128
Defense mechanisms and social mentalities in grandiose narcissism: an empirical investigation

Annalisa Tanzilli, Marianna Liotti, Davide Guarino, Gabriele Lo Buglio, Francesco Dentale, Michele Vecchione, Vittorio Lingiardi

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.882

918

PDF: 395

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 178

HTML: 99
Problematic internet use in emerging adulthood to escape from maternal helicopter parenting: defensive functioning as a mediating mechanism

Nicola Carone, Ilaria Maria Antonietta Benzi, Laura Muzi, Laura Antonia Lucia Parolin, Andrea Fontana

2023-11-08

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.693

2783

PDF: 1434

HTML: 105
Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Frederik J. Wienicke, William J. Burk, Erkki Heinonen, Olavi Lindfors, Tommi Härkänen, Paul Knekt, Sampo Sarvasmaa, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Karen Jansen, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva, Érico Nobre dos Santos, Jack J. M. Dekker, Jaap Peen, Henricus L. Van, John Christopher Perry, William M. van der Veld, Ednei Soares, Jan Spijker, Ellen Driessen

2026-02-16

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2026.887

1175

PDF: 469

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 65

SUPPLEMENTARY R MARKDOWN: 35

HTML: 18
Defense mechanisms and inflammatory bowel diseases: a narrative review

Orlando Silvestro, Carmelo M. Vicario, Ludovico Costa, Giorgio Sparacino, Trine Lund-Jacobsen, Chiara A. M. Spatola, Emanuele M. Merlo, Anna Viola, Concetto M. Giorgianni, Antonino Catalano, Walter Fries, Gianluca Lo Coco, Gabriella Martino

2025-03-30

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.854

3224

PDF: 1499

HTML: 19
Psychological impairment in inflammatory bowel diseases: the key role of coping and defense mechanisms

Gabriella Martino, Anna Viola, Carmelo Mario Vicario, Federica Bellone, Orlando Silvestro, Giovanni Squadrito, Peter Schwarz, Gianluca Lo Coco, Walter Fries, Antonino Catalano

2023-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.731

1915

PDF: 904

HTML: 32
Defensive mechanisms and personality structure in an early adolescent boy: process and outcome issues in a non-intensive psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy

Daniela Di Riso, Alessandro Gennaro, Silvia Salcuni

2015-12-23

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2015.176

2216

PDF: 2660
Effect of defense mechanisms on the longitudinal development of interpersonal problems during outpatient therapy

Jonas Schmitt, Matthias Volz, Cord Benecke

2025-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.878

1206

PDF: 756

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 173

HTML: 72
Defense mechanisms in adolescents at high risk of developing psychosis: An empirical investigation

Tommaso Boldrini, Gabriele Lo Buglio, Guido Giovanardi, Vittorio Lingiardi, Silvia Salcuni

2020-05-20

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2020.456

4555

PDF: 1381

HTML: 142
Epistemic trust: a comprehensive review of empirical insights and implications for developmental psychopathology

Elizabeth Li, Chloe Campbell, Nick Midgley, Patrick Luyten

2023-12-20

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.704

9948

PDF: 2905

Supplementary Material: 298

HTML: 252
A supportive approach in psychodynamic-oriented psychotherapy. An empirically supported single case study.

Daniela Di Riso, Antonello Colli, Daphne Chessa, Cristina Marogna, Valeria Condino, Adriana Lis, Vittorio Lingiardi, Stefania Mannarini

49–89

2011-05-18

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2011.43

2232

PDF: 5530
Referential activity, dissociation, psychopathology and psychotherapy

Raffaella Perrella, Nadia Del Villano, Giorgio Caviglia

2016-11-11

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.243

2392

PDF: 1156

HTML: 538
New horizons in group psychotherapy research and practice from third wave positive psychology: a practice-friendly review

Cheri L. Marmarosh, Steven Sandage, Nathaniel Wade, Laura E. Captari, Sarah Crabtree

2022-11-04

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.643

12384

PDF: 3280

HTML: 95
Online Supportive Group as social intervention to face COVID lockdown. A qualitative study on psychotherapists, psychology trainees and students, and community people

Emanuela Brusadelli, Laura Ferrari, Michele Benetti, Stefania Bruzzese, Giada Maria Tonelli, Salvatore Gullo

2021-01-20

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2020.501

2536

PDF: 1169

HTML: 37
Transference interpretation and psychotherapy outcome: a systematic review of a no-consensus relationship

Meltem Yilmaz, Kutlu Kağan Türkarslan, Ludovica Zanini, Dilara Hasdemir, Grazia Fernanda Spitoni, Vittorio Lingiardi

2024-05-02

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.744

4124

PDF: 1480

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 169

HTML: 76
The effectiveness of short-term dynamic/interpersonal group therapy on perfectionism; assessment of anxiety, depression and interpersonal problems

Shirzad Babaei, Mahmood Dehghani, Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani, Ahmad Ashouri, Leila Mohamadi

2022-12-29

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.656

3031

PDF: 1236

HTML: 72
“Trust me, do not trust anyone”: how epistemic mistrust and credulity are associated with conspiracy mentality

Felix Brauner, Peter Fonagy, Chloe Campbell, Julia Griem, Timo Storck, Tobias Nolte

2023-12-28

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.705

4287

PDF: 1506

HTML: 230
How secure is the secure base? Romantic attachment, emotion regulation, and psychotherapists’ role as secure base figures

Helena Carvalho, Gil Nata, Paula Mena Matos

2024-04-22

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.733

2540

PDF: 1130

HTML: 37
A systematic review of patient-therapist synchrony as an indicator of emotion regulation in psychotherapy: an integrated approach Patient-therapist synchrony and emotion regulation

Federica Ameli, Federico Abbarchi Minucci, Ludovica Zanini, Gioele Calmi, Grazia Fernanda Spitoni

2025-09-30

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.866

983

PDF: 635

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 195

HTML: 58
Different epistemic stances for different traumatic experiences: implications for mentalization

Ilaria Maria Antonietta Benzi, Nicola Carone, Laura Parolin, Gabriel Martin-Gagnon, Karin Ensink, Andrea Fontana

2023-12-20

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.708

2798

PDF: 1261

Supplementary Material: 181

HTML: 76
Motivations to become psychotherapists: beyond the concept of the wounded healer

Gianluca Cruciani, Marianna Liotti, Vittorio Lingiardi

2024-08-26

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.808

8263

PDF: 3193

HTML: 904
Reliability and factorial validity of long and brief versions of the inventory of personality organization in a Latvian sample

Aija de Starceva-Apele, Malgozata Rascevska

2022-06-30

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.606

2855

PDF: 1392

HTML: 161
Transference-focused psychotherapy in an inpatient setting for borderline personality disorders: changes in symptomatology

Torvi Abel, Moritz Happel, Franca Daerr, Carsten Spitzer, Cord Benecke, Birger Dulz

2025-01-28

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.810

5304

PDF: 1689

HTML: 24
Attachment orientations and emotion regulation: new insights from the study of interpersonal emotion regulation strategies

Irene Messina, Vincenzo Calvo, Alessandro Grecucci

2023-12-31

https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.703

6324

PDF: 2456

HTML: 243

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Clinical applications of the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale-Self-Report-30: a systematic review of the first five years

Therapists’ defense use impacts their patients’ defensive functioning: a systematic case study

Change and sustained recovery in defense mechanisms and depression in a pilot study of antidepressant medications plus up to 18 months of psychotherapy for recurrent major depression

Beyond the mask of deference: exploring the relationship between ruptures and transference in a single-case study

The relationship between defense mechanisms and attachment: a narrative review

Professional burnout in therapists working with LGBTQ+ patients: associations with defenses and reflective functioning

Defense mechanisms are associated with mental health symptoms across six countries

Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children

Applying the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort to assess patients’ level of overall defensive functioning in interview data: validity and reliability

Revisiting defense mechanisms in contemporary clinical practice: evidence and perspectives

Defense mechanisms and social mentalities in grandiose narcissism: an empirical investigation

Problematic internet use in emerging adulthood to escape from maternal helicopter parenting: defensive functioning as a mediating mechanism

Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Defense mechanisms and inflammatory bowel diseases: a narrative review

Psychological impairment in inflammatory bowel diseases: the key role of coping and defense mechanisms

Defensive mechanisms and personality structure in an early adolescent boy: process and outcome issues in a non-intensive psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy

Effect of defense mechanisms on the longitudinal development of interpersonal problems during outpatient therapy

Defense mechanisms in adolescents at high risk of developing psychosis: An empirical investigation

Epistemic trust: a comprehensive review of empirical insights and implications for developmental psychopathology

A supportive approach in psychodynamic-oriented psychotherapy. An empirically supported single case study.

Referential activity, dissociation, psychopathology and psychotherapy

New horizons in group psychotherapy research and practice from third wave positive psychology: a practice-friendly review

Online Supportive Group as social intervention to face COVID lockdown. A qualitative study on psychotherapists, psychology trainees and students, and community people

Transference interpretation and psychotherapy outcome: a systematic review of a no-consensus relationship

The effectiveness of short-term dynamic/interpersonal group therapy on perfectionism; assessment of anxiety, depression and interpersonal problems

“Trust me, do not trust anyone”: how epistemic mistrust and credulity are associated with conspiracy mentality

How secure is the secure base? Romantic attachment, emotion regulation, and psychotherapists’ role as secure base figures

A systematic review of patient-therapist synchrony as an indicator of emotion regulation in psychotherapy: an integrated approach Patient-therapist synchrony and emotion regulation

Different epistemic stances for different traumatic experiences: implications for mentalization

Motivations to become psychotherapists: beyond the concept of the wounded healer

Reliability and factorial validity of long and brief versions of the inventory of personality organization in a Latvian sample

Transference-focused psychotherapy in an inpatient setting for borderline personality disorders: changes in symptomatology

Attachment orientations and emotion regulation: new insights from the study of interpersonal emotion regulation strategies

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