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• Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis

  Frederik J. Wienicke, William J. Burk, Erkki Heinonen, Olavi Lindfors, Tommi Härkänen, Paul Knekt, Sampo Sarvasmaa, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Karen Jansen, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva, Érico Nobre dos Santos, Jack J. M. Dekker, Jaap Peen, Henricus L. Van, John Christopher Perry, William M. van der Veld, Ednei Soares, Jan Spijker, Ellen Driessen

  2026-02-16

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2026.887

  2219

  PDF: 841

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 153

  SUPPLEMENTARY R MARKDOWN: 79

  HTML: 233

• Diagnosi e valutazione della personalit alleanza terapeutica e scambio clinico nella ricerca in psicoterapia

  Vittorio Lingiardi, Francesco Gazzillo, Antonello Colli, Francesco De Bei, Annalisa Tanzilli, Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Nicola Nardelli, Chiara Caristo, Valeria Condino, Daniela Gentile, Nino Dazzi

  97–124

  2011-02-21

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2010.36

  2986

  PDF: 6220

• Applying the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort to assess patients’ level of overall defensive functioning in interview data: validity and reliability

  Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, John Porcerelli, Alissa Huth-Bocks, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.884

  1216

  PDF: 539

  HTML: 88

• Something has sort of opened up for me: psychology students’ reflections after participating in an apprenticeship training model

  Nina Jakhelln Laugen, Torun Grøtte, Truls Ryum, Patrick A. Vogel, Heidi Brattland, Katrine Høyer Holgersen

  2024-08-27

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.794

  3208

  PDF: 704

  HTML: 193

• The relationship between defense mechanisms and attachment: a narrative review

  Rose Howell, Vera Békés

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.879

  4039

  PDF: 896

  HTML: 139
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  The relevance of social dreaming for action research: exploring jail workers’ unconscious thinking of the changes in the prison organization

  Lidia Borghi, Claudio Cassardo, Elisa Mingarelli, Elena Vegni

  2021-08-12

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.542

  7071

  PDF: 1025

  HTML: 124

  Appendix: 385

• Revisiting defense mechanisms in contemporary clinical practice: evidence and perspectives

  Vittorio Lingiardi, Fabio Madeddu

  2025-12-22

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.877

  2513

  PDF: 1328

  HTML: 201

• Does technique matter? A multilevel meta-analysis on the association between psychotherapeutic techniques and outcome

  Christin Janine Grevenhaus, Christoph Flückiger, Lea Theimer, Cord Benecke

  2024-08-29

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.803

  6494

  PDF: 2223

  HTML: 68
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  Beyond the mask of deference: exploring the relationship between ruptures and transference in a single-case study

  Francesca Locati, Pietro De Carli, Emanuele Tarasconi, Margherita Lang, Laura Parolin

  2016-10-19

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.212

  2861

  PDF: 1468

  HTML: 2130
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  Dreaming during lockdown: a quali-quantitative analysis of the Italian population dreams during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave

  Lidia Borghi, Federica Bonazza, Giulia Lamiani, Alessandro Musetti, Tommaso Manari, Maria Filosa, Maria C. Quattropani, Vittorio Lenzo, Maria Francesca Freda, Daniela Lemmo, Emanuela Saita, Roberto Cattivelli, Gianluca Castelnuovo, Elena Vegni, Christian Franceschini

  2021-08-24

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.547

  4558

  PDF: 1107

  HTML: 112

• Clinical applications of the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale-Self-Report-30: a systematic review of the first five years

  Gabriella Martino, Orlando Silvestro, Emanuele M. Merlo, Carmelo M. Vicario, Alessandro Meduri, Gianluca Lo Coco

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.881

  2569

  PDF: 764

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 234

  HTML: 108
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  Psychodiagnostic Chart-Child (PDC-C): a valid and clinically sensitive diagnostic tool for patient-tailored intervention planning

  Alexandro Fortunato, Annalisa Tanzilli, Vittorio Lingiardi, Anna Maria Speranza

  2022-03-01

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.591

  5171

  PDF: 1462

  HTML: 58

• "Maybe you don’t know what answers I want": unresolved alliance ruptures preceding dropout in short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy with depressed adolescents

  Manuela Jose Difronzo, Lisa Thackeray, Sally O'Keeffe, Ana Calderon, Nick Midgley

  2025-03-30

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.841

  1405

  PDF: 811

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 214

  HTML: 39

• Defense mechanisms and social mentalities in grandiose narcissism: an empirical investigation

  Annalisa Tanzilli, Marianna Liotti, Davide Guarino, Gabriele Lo Buglio, Francesco Dentale, Michele Vecchione, Vittorio Lingiardi

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.882

  1500

  PDF: 591

  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 243

  HTML: 128

• Therapists’ defense use impacts their patients’ defensive functioning: a systematic case study

  Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn, Vera Békés, Bernard S. Gorman, Karl Stukenberg, Sherwood Waldron

  2024-08-23

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.797

  3774

  PDF: 873

  HTML: 71
• 

  Working on dreams, from neuroscience to psychotherapy

  Giorgio Caviglia

  2021-08-12

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.540

  7573

  PDF: 1929

  HTML: 141
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  Evaluating the efficacy of psychodynamic treatment on a single case of autism. A qualitative research

  Marta Vecchiato, Chiara Sacchi, Alessandra Simonelli, Nicola Purgato

  2016-04-18

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.194

  5226

  PDF: 2582

  HTML: 2781
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  Dreaming during COVID-19: the effects of a world trauma

  Cristina Marogna, Emanuele Montanari, Silvio Contiero, Klodjana Lleshi

  2021-08-24

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.541

  5001

  PDF: 1294

  HTML: 160

• Change and sustained recovery in defense mechanisms and depression in a pilot study of antidepressant medications plus up to 18 months of psychotherapy for recurrent major depression

  John Christopher Perry, Claire J. Starrs, Trent Semeniuk, Elisabeth Banon, Ruta Westreich

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.885

  901

  PDF: 449

  HTML: 36

• Factors of treatment success in psychotherapy: a within-therapist analysis of early session processes

  Yan Zhu, Mark J. Hilsenroth

  2025-07-22

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.848

  1958

  PDF: 1065

  HTML: 37
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  Antisocial personality disorder in group therapy, kindling pro-sociality and mentalizing

  Katharina T.E. Morken, Morten Øvrebø, Charlotte Klippenberg, Therese Morvik, Elisabeth Lied Gikling

  2022-11-07

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.649

  6631

  PDF: 1961

  HTML: 224

• Defense mechanisms and inflammatory bowel diseases: a narrative review

  Orlando Silvestro, Carmelo M. Vicario, Ludovico Costa, Giorgio Sparacino, Trine Lund-Jacobsen, Chiara A. M. Spatola, Emanuele M. Merlo, Anna Viola, Concetto M. Giorgianni, Antonino Catalano, Walter Fries, Gianluca Lo Coco, Gabriella Martino

  2025-03-30

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.854

  3571

  PDF: 1693

  HTML: 25
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  A psychodynamic contribution to the understanding of anger - The importance of diagnosis before treatment

  Paola Manfredi, Claudia Taglietti

  2022-06-30

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.587

  6210

  PDF: 4005

  HTML: 447
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  The influence of pharmaceutical companies

  Paolo Migone

  2017-07-13

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2017.276

  3028

  PDF: 1475

  HTML: 1419

• What do you expect from psychological care? A qualitative study of depressed patients’ expectations treated in mental healthcare settings Depressed patients' psychological care expectations

  Ana Karina Zúñiga Caiseo, Guillermo De la Parra, Lucía Núñez, Mariane Krause

  2025-03-26

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.839

  3591

  PDF: 1349

  HTML: 19

• Professional burnout in therapists working with LGBTQ+ patients: associations with defenses and reflective functioning

  Gianluca Cruciani, Jacopo Tracchegiani, Maria Quintigliano, Selene Mezzalira, Cristiano Scandurra, Nicola Carone

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.880

  1357

  PDF: 731

  HTML: 102

• Models of practice and training in psychotherapy: cross-national perspectives from Italy and Canada

  Victoria Klimkowski, Sofia McRae, Alexia Blick, Laurence Beaulieu, J. Reese S. Handley, Anara A. Hopley, Caroline A. Hyde, Devika M. Jain, Sylvia Kolodziejczyk, Josiane Laliberté, Alexa Lévesque, Lara M. Masri, Anya M. Monet, Reagan S. Nediu, Rachel Valihrach, Giorgio Tasca

  2024-03-14

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.732

  2688

  PDF: 1069

  Supplementary Material: 337

  HTML: 71
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  Epistemic trust: a comprehensive review of empirical insights and implications for developmental psychopathology

  Elizabeth Li, Chloe Campbell, Nick Midgley, Patrick Luyten

  2023-12-20

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.704

  11775

  PDF: 3414

  Supplementary Material: 402

  HTML: 313
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  Subjective experience of diagnosis and treatment in two adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia

  Marianella Abarzua, Francisco Venegas, Ximena Hidalgo

  2016-04-18

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.189

  3329

  PDF: 1525

  HTML: 611

• Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type

  Vasiliki Yotsidi, Charis Ntakolia, Ioanna Rannou , Pilios-Dimitris Stavrou, Panagiotis Ferentinos, Athanasios Douzenis, Nikolaos Smyrnis, Efthimia Gavriilidou, Rossetos Gournellis

  2024-12-16

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.826

  3673

  PDF: 974

  SUPPLEMENTARY: 262

  HTML: 72

• It takes two to tango: a qualitative meta-synthesis on processes of psychotherapy dropout from the Single Case Archive

  Liza Notaerts, Melissa De Smet, Martin Finn, Kimberly Van Nieuwenhove, Vicky Hennissen, Reitske Meganck

  2025-12-03

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.876

  1555

  PDF: 918

  HTML: 101
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  Developing a prototype for relationship therapy psychoanalysis: an empirical study with the Psychotherapy Process Q-set

  Laura Bonalume, Laura Corbelli, Mattia Ferro, Anna Lisa Mazzoleni, Maria Pia Roggero

  2023-03-24

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2023.674

  2564

  PDF: 828

  HTML: 35

• The relationship between overall defensive functioning and the Personality Assessment Inventory borderline and treatment outcome scales

  Laura A. Richardson, John H. Porcerelli, Michelle Stein, Brynn DeLorenzo, Christina Massey, Emma Lindquist, Sarah McNamee, Mark Blais

  2025-12-31

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2025.883

  1174

  PDF: 623

  HTML: 104

• The person behind the therapist: a recall study on significant events that contribute to therapists’ personal and professional development

  Hubert de Condé, Emmanuelle Zech, Jochem Willemsen

  2024-08-29

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.791

  10387

  PDF: 1766

  HTML: 123
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  The extended unconscious group field and metabolization of pandemic experience: dreaming together to keep cohesion alive

  Cristina Marogna, Chiara Masaro, Vincenzo Calvo, Simona Ghedin, Floriana Caccamo

  2022-12-29

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.646

  1758

  PDF: 865

  HTML: 61
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  The Lausanne Trilogue Play within the outcome evaluation in infant mental health: a preliminary report

  Michela Gatta, Marta Sisti, Laura Sudati, Marina Miscioscia, Alessandra Simonelli

  2016-04-18

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2016.198

  3861

  PDF: 1770

  HTML: 1379
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  Till the ocean do us part: Italian and American therapists representations of stepfamilies in treatment

  Monica Accordini, Scott Browning, Marialuisa Gennari, Kevin McCarthy, Davide Margola

  2017-10-27

  https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2017.271

  1485

  PDF: 950

  HTML: 415